Computers And Its Impact On Modern Society Essay - 1260 Words

Computers In between 1943 and 1946, ENIAC was designed by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert at University of Pennsylvania, U.S. ENIAC was a modular computer, collected of separate panels to perform different functions. Twenty of these parts were accumulators, which could not only add and subtract but hold a ten-digit decimal number in memory. Numbers were passed between these units across several general-purpose buses. In order to achieve its high speed, the panels had to send and receive numbers, save the answer and produce the next operation, all without any moving parts. Key to its usefulness was the ability to branch; it could produce different operations, depending on the sign of a computed result. ENIAC contained 17,468 vacuum tubes, 7200 crystal diodes, 1500 relays, 70,000 resistors, 10,000 capacitors and about 5,000,000 hand-soldered joints. It weighed more than 30 tons, was roughly 2.4m Ãâ€" 0.9m Ãâ€" 30m in size, and consumed 150 kW of electricity. This power requirement led to th e rumour that whenever the computer was switched on, lights in Philadelphia dimmed. UNIVAC I MAINFRAME COMPUTER UNIVAC I mainframe computer of 1951, which became known for predicting the outcome of the U.S. presidential election the following year. This incident is particularly important because the computer predicted an Eisenhower landslide when traditional pollsters all called it for Adlai Stevenson. The numbers were so skewed that CBS s news boss in New York, Mickelson, decided theShow MoreRelatedNext Came The Third Generation In 1963; In This Generation,1681 Words   |  7 Pages1963; in this generation, the computer became smaller, more influential, and more reliable and it was able to run lots diverse programs at the same time. Transistors were reduced and placed on silicon chips, called semiconductors, which hugely increased the speed and productivity of computers. Also, it s much smaller and cheaper compared to the second generation computers. 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